Born November 12, 1903 in Ancourt (Seine-Inférieure, Seine-Maritime), died March 10, 1998 in Antony (Hauts-de-Seine); doctor of medicine, specialist in tuberculosis; socialist activist from Lot-et-Garonne, Côtes-du-Nord [Côtes-d’Armor], then Paris; deputy head of Albert Gazier's cabinet, Minister of Social Affairs in the Guy Mollet government (1956), secretary of the Fifth SFIO section of the Seine.  
Frédéric Choffé was married to Odette Pascal, daughter of [Germaine Pascal](/family/germaine-paulhan) (then Paulhan). He maintained a correspondence with Jean Paulhan, extracts of which can be found in Marcel Parent's work, [Paulhan Citizen](/sur-paulhan/paulhan-citoyen).

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## Resources

[Choffé Frédéric, René - The Master](https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article19923)

[Paulhan, the extraordinary Mongol and socialism in Brittany](https://enklask.hypotheses.org/528)

Frédéric Choffé

Portrait de Frédéric Paulhan par Bertha Rhodes

Born in Nîmes on April 21, 1856, Frédéric Paulhan became, after brilliant studies, curator of the city library. A stutterer, he cannot access education. In Paris since 1896, he is an art lover, collector and philosopher. He calls himself a publicist.  
He thus published more than twenty volumes of philosophy, first from Nîmes – the mentions of printers attest to this – then in Paris, most often with Alcan, buyer of Germer Baillière, but also with Octave Doin, Flammarion and finally Gallimard. Added to this are around a hundred articles, mainly in the [Philosophical Review of France and Foreign Affairs](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k172263/f1.item.r=paulhan) directed by Théodule Ribot then by Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, but also in La Philosophie positive by Émile Littré, the [Journal of Normal and Pathological Psychology](https://gallica.bnf.fr/services/engine/search/sru?operation=searchRetrieve&version=1.2&startRecord=0&maximumRecords=15&page=1&collapsing=disabled&query=arkPress%20all%20%22cb32798754h_date%22%20and%20%28gallica%20all%20%22paulhan%22%29) by Pierre Janet and Georges Dumas, [La Revue des idées](https://gallica.bnf.fr/services/engine/search/sru?operation=searchRetrieve&version=1.2&startRecord=0&maximumRecords=15&page=1&collapsing=disabled&query=arkPress%20all%20%22cb32858522p_date%22%20and%20%28gallica%20all%20%22paulhan%22%29) by Remy de Gourmont, [le Mercure de France](https://gallica.bnf.fr/services/engine/search/sru?operation=searchRetrieve&version=1.2&startRecord=0&maximumRecords=15&page=1&collapsing=disabled&query=arkPress%20all%20%22cb34427363f_date%22%20and%20%28gallica%20all%20%22paulhan%22%29%20sortby%20dc.date%2Fsort.ascending) by Alfred Vallette, [La Revue Universel](https://gallica.bnf.fr/services/engine/search/sru?operation=searchRetrieve&version=1.2&startRecord=0&maximumRecords=15&page=1&collapsing=disabled&query=arkPress%20all%20%22cb344251057_date%22%20and%20%28gallica%20all%20%22paulhan%22%29) by Jacques Bainville and Henri Massis, [La Vie](https://gallica.bnf.fr/services/engine/search/sru?operation=searchRetrieve&version=1.2&startRecord=0&maximumRecords=15&page=1&collapsing=disabled&query=arkPress%20all%20%22cb328885798_date%22%20and%20dc.date%3D%221914%22%20and%20%28gallica%20all%20%22paulhan%22%29) by Marius-Ary Leblond — and [Nemausa](https://gallica.bnf.fr/services/engine/search/sru?operation=searchRetrieve&version=1.2&startRecord=0&maximumRecords=15&page=1&collapsing=disabled&query=arkPress%20all%20%22cb32822790n_date%22%20and%20%28gallica%20all%20%22paulhan%22%29), in Nîmes. His fields were sociology, experimental psychology - pragmatics or cognitive sciences avant la lettre - music, literature and the arts. Dreyfusard, hostile to neo-Darwinism, he is also known as the father of Jean Paulhan, also a man of magazines. He died on March 14, 1931.
In the following bibliography, we distinguish between works, journal publications and critical studies. In these three sections, the order adopted is chronological. All references have been checked on the physical copies. I thank Christian Duquesne and Véronique Hoffmann-Martinot for their help.

Bernard Baillaud

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I. VOLUME PUBLICATIONS

– The Physiology of the Mind, Paris, Librairie Germer Baillière et Cie, n.d. [1880], in-16 (146 x 93 mm) of 1 f. bl., 190 pp. and 1 f. of cat. ed. [the work has 10 figures in the text; according to the editions, printer’s mentions: “Coulommiers. – Typography Paul Brodard” or “Coulommiers. – Typog. Paul Brodard” at the bottom of p. 190 and “Coulommiers. – Typography Paul Brodard” on back cover; translation into Spanish in 1907; see below for the resumptions, by Alcan in 1910, and by Harmattan in November 2006.
Several works bear the same title: those of Antoine Guitton, alias A.G. de Mériclet, in 1848, of Henry Maudsley, professor at University College London, translated from English by Alexandre Herzen in 1879, and of Georges Surbled, n.d.].

– Monsieur Bigot and his patoise fables, Nîmes, Imprimerie de Clavel-Ballivet, 1883, 8vo, 32 p. (coll. “Little Library of “Nemausa””) [on the rachalan; Printer’s note: “12, rue Pradier, 12” repeated at the bottom of the last page.
Extract: “I know that Mr. Bigot was born in Nîmes, in 1825, to a well-off and literate worker, and that he left school at thirteen. » (p. 5)]

– Affective phenomena and the laws of their appearance. Essay on general psychology, Paris, Ancienne bookstore Germer Baillière et Cie, Félix Alcan, 1887, in-18°, 164 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [2nd edition in 1901, 18vo, 164 p. ; 3rd edition revised and corrected in May 1912, 18°, 164 p. ; 4th edition in 1926, 18°, 164 p. ; L’Harmattan, 2008].

– Mental Activity and the Elements of the Mind, Paris, Former bookstore Germer Baillière et Cie, Félix Alcan publisher, 1889, 8vo, 588 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [printer’s notice: “Nîmes. – Typ. F. Chastanier, 12, rue Pradier” at the bottom of the last page (p. 588) and “Coulommiers. – Imp. P. Brodard et Gallois” at the bottom of the back cover; there is a large paper print; 2nd ed., 1913, 8°, 586 p. ; price book of the Lycée Mignet in Aix-en-Provence].

– Le Nouveau Mysticisme, Paris, Former bookstore Germer Baillière et Cie, Félix Alcan, 1891, in-18°, IV-204 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [printer’s note at the bottom of page 204: “Nîmes, Imprimerie Henry Michel et G. Gory, rue Nationale, 69”; there is a print on large paper].

– Catalog of the Library of Nîmes, t. IV, catalog of the Gide and Tessier Rolland bequests drawn up by Fr. Paulhan, curator of the Library, Nîmes, modern printing house of Gustave Gory, 1892, 8vo, 503 p. [thanks to M. Poussigue, sub-librarian; printer's address: 12, rue de la Banque].

– Joseph de Maistre and his philosophy, Paris, Félix Alcan, publisher, 1893, in-18°, 167 p. + 16 p. from the publisher's catalog (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [printer's note: “Nîmes. – Imprimerie G. Gory, 12, rue de la Banque”; the text was written for the 1892 French Academy eloquence competition; see below F. Picavet, 1893].

– Les Caractères, Paris, Former bookstore Germer Baillière et Cie, Félix Alcan, 1894, 8vo, 240 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [printer’s note: “Nîmes. – Typ. F. Chastanier, 12, rue Pradier”; 2nd ed. review, augmented by a new preface dated “Pontchartrain-Paris, September-October 1901” (p. XXXIII), 1902, XXXVI-247 p. ; 5th ed. revised in 1922; there is a separate reprint of the preface, under cover identical to that of the work: XXXIII p. + 3 f. whites].

– Intellectual Types, Logical Minds and False Minds, Paris, Former Germer Baillière bookstore, Félix Alcan, 1896, 8vo, 362 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [2nd edition, 1914, 8vo, VIII-388 p.] [work dedicated “To Monsieur Th. Ribot, / director of the Revue Philosophique, / professor at the Collège de France / Homage of affectionate recognition. »]

– “Preface” to: Roger DUMAS, Poems and legends, Paris, Alphonse Lemerre, editor, 25-31, Passage Choiseul, 25-31, 1896, p. 5-11 [in a volume of 95 p., text signed “Fr. Paulhan” p. 11; all the copies that we were able to consult bear the date of 1897 on the front cover, that of 1896 on the title page; mention p. 95 and on the back cover: “Nîmes. – Typ. F. Chastanier, 12, rue Pradier”].

– Mr. J.-K. Huysmans and his work, Extract from the Nouvelle Revue, Paris, at the offices of the Nouvelle Revue, 1898, octavo, 35 p. [printer’s note: “Auxerre. – Typ. and lith. A. Lanier, rue de Paris, 43”; see below, in April 1898 for the reference to the review].

– Psychology of invention, Paris, Félix Alcan publisher, Former bookstore Germer Baillière et Cie, 1901, in-16°, 185 p. + catalog (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [mention: “Coulommiers. – Imp. Paul Brodard. — 797-1900”; 3rd edition, 1923; 4th edition, 1930, in-16°, 185 p., mention: “Imprimerie E. Durand, 18, Séguier, Paris”].

– Analysts and synthetic minds, Paris, Félix Alcan publisher, Ancienne bookstore Germer Baillière et Cie, 1902, in-16°, 196 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [printer’s note: “Paris – L. Maretheux, 1, rue Cassette. – 2211”; 2nd edition in 1928].

– Fisiologia del Espiritu, con un prologo del Dr Horacio G. Pinero, translation de F.J. Moreira, Buenos Aires, Cabaut & Cie, Editores, libreria del Colegio – Calle Alsina 500, 1902 [see above in 1880, below in 1907].

– La Volonté, Paris, Octave Doin, 1903, in-18°, 323 p. (coll. “Library of normal and pathological experimental psychology”, published under the direction of Dr. Toulouse, n° 26) [2nd edition in 1910, in-18°, 324 p. (coll. “Scientific encyclopedia published under the direction of Dr. Toulouse, Library of Experimental Psychology”)].

– The Function of Memory and Affective Memory, Paris, Félix Alcan bookstore, 1904, in-16°, 177-24 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [2nd ed. in 1924, 179 p., with the mention: “Imp. from Presses Universitaires de France, Paris. 4617-6-24” (p. 179)].

– Les Mensonges du character, Paris, Félix Alcan, publisher, Former bookstore Germer Baillière et Cie, 1905, 8vo, 276 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy” [printer’s note: “21-12-04. – Tours, Imp. E. Arrault et Cie”].

– Le Mensonge de l’art, Paris, Félix Alcan, publisher, Félix Alcan and Guillaumin bookstores united, 1907, 8vo, 380 p. (coll. “Library of Contemporary Philosophy”) [printer’s note: “1-8-06. – Tours, imp. E. Arrault et Cie”].

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## Resources

_The works of Frédéric Paulhan are accessible in Gallica or OBVIL_:

[The New Mysticism (1891)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63019b))

[Characters (1894)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k77170j.image)

[Affective phenomena and the laws of their appearance](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k94346x.texteImage)

[Mental Activity and the Elements of the Mind (1889)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k77169b.image)

[True hallucinations and mental suggestion, Revue des deux mondes (1892)](https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Les_Hallucinations_v%C3%A9ridiques_et_la_suggestion_mentale)

[Logical Minds and False Minds (1896)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k771669.texteImage)

[Psychology of the pun, Revue des deux mondes (1897)](https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Psychologie_du_calembour)

[Analysts and Synthetic Minds (1903)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1132577.texteImage)

[The function of memory and emotional recollection (1904)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k113274s.texteImage)

[The lie of art (1907)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k67977z.texteImage)

[The Logic of Contradiction (1911)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k14171124)

[Psychology of Invention (1911)](https://obvil.sorbonne-universite.fr/corpus/critique/paulhan_psychologie-invention)

[The Morality of Irony (1911)](https://obvil.sorbonne-universite.fr/corpus/critique/paulhan_morale-ironie)

[Landscape aesthetics (1913)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k113110w.texteImage)

[The social transformations of feelings (1920)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5473615b.texteImage)

[The double function of language (1929)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k113258m/f4.item.texteImage)

[The Lies of the World (1930)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1132619/f4.item.texteImage)

[Bibliography of the writings of Frédéric Paulhan](http://jeanpaulhan-sljp.fr/acrobat/outils/biblio-fr-paulhan-08.pdf)

[Biographical note of Frédéric Paulhan in SLJP](https://jeanpaulhan-sljp.fr/frederic-paulhan-notice-biographique-bibliographie)

Frédéric Paulhan

Georges Dumas, born March 6, 1866 and died February 12, 1946 in Lédignan (Gard), is a French doctor and psychologist. First cousin of Jean Paulhan's mother, he was one of the founders of psychopathology. Doctor of medicine and disciple of Théodule Ribot, he brought to psychology the conclusions of his studies on mental pathology and alienation. Jean Paulhan took his courses at Sainte-Anne hospital. Georges Dumas is the founder, with Pierre Janet, of the _Journal of Normal and Pathological Psychology_, official organ of the Society of Psychology and the Society of Psychiatry, which still exists today, for which Jean Paulhan wrote some reports and analyzes between 1904 and 1909.

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## Resources

_Certain works or journals are accessible in Gallica_:

[The smile, psychology and physiology (1906)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k14171087)

[Sadness and Joy (1910)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k77202b.image)

[Treatise on psychology, T. 1 (1923)](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k921459z/f15.item)

[Journal of Normal and Pathological Psychology, 1907](https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9656856n/f415.texteImage)

Georges Dumas

Portrait of Germaine Paulhan by Marie Laurencin


Germaine Paulhan, born Germaine Dauptain, was Jean Paulhan's second wife. She helped him in his work at the _NRf_ from 1920 onward and played a central role in serving writers, sometimes forwarding to other journals manuscripts rejected by the _NRf_. Correspondence up to 1933, the year of their marriage, mentions (or is addressed to) Madame Pascal, her name from a first marriage.

<figure role="group"><img src="/images/divers/jean-et-germaine-paulhan-a-port-cros.jpeg" alt="Jean and Germaine Paulhan in Port-Cros, with a dog and a donkey" /><figcaption>Jean and Germaine Paulhan in Port-Cros</figcaption></figure>

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## Resources

See [The editorial board of "Mesures"](https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/oeuvre/crgdx75), Sylvia Beach, [Barbara Church](/personnes/barbara-church), Vladimir Nabokov, [Adrienne Monnier](/personnes/adrienne-monnier), [Germaine Paulhan](/famille/germaine-paulhan), [Henri Church](/personnes/henry-church), [Henri Michaux](/auteurs/henri-michaux), [Jean Paulhan](/auteurs/jean-paulhan), [Michel Leiris](/auteurs/michel-leiris) - photographed by Gisele Freund in 1937, CGP.

See [a few letters by Germaine Paulhan](https://eman-archives.org/Paulhan/collections/show/39) on the Eman website.


Germaine Paulhan

Jacqueline Paulhan, born Jacqueline Weiler on October 5, 1927, in Le Havre and deceased on January 7, 2022, in Le Pre Saint-Gervais, was a biology teacher. Becoming Jean Paulhan's daughter-in-law, she contributed to editions of Jean Paulhan's correspondence with, among others, Giuseppe Ungaretti and Guillaume de Tarde.



Read the page for Jacqueline Paulhan's book "[Une petite fille fragile](https://autobiosphere.wordpress.com/2016/05/01/jacqueline-paulhan-une-petite-fille-fragile/)".

Jacqueline Paulhan

Lola Prusac born Leontina Prusak in Łódź in Poland on January 18, 1895 and died in Paris (8th arrondissement) on October 29, 1985 is a French fashion designer who, after working for Hermès from 1926 to 1935, founded a fashion house in Paris in 1935 that bears her name, which she directed until 1980.

Lola Prusac is the younger sister of [Sala Prusak](/family/sala-prusak), first wife of Jean Paulhan.

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## Resources

Lola Prusac

Salomea (Sala) Prusak is the first wife of Jean Paulhan. She is the eldest of the three daughters of Maurice Prusak (or Prussak) and his first wife, Bella, née Grunberg, a Jewish family from Warsaw, intellectual and wealthy. Of the three sisters, it was Sala who moved to Paris in 1904. Very intellectual, and who, according to her son Pierre "read a lot and loved France", she stayed in the pension run, at 167 rue Saint-Jacques Jeanne Paulhan, Jean Paulhan's mother.

(_extracted and adapted from the beautiful file "Saloméa, dite Sala, Prusak..." by Catherine Nicault, published in the Letter of the Society of Readers by Jean Paulhan, new series, n° 9, 2021_)

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## Resources

Family